Hypertension

Hypertension in dogs and cats is more common than originally thought. Any blood pressure greater than 160/100 is considered hypertension. While that is typically higher than what is considered hypertension in humans, organ damage does not occur at pressures lower than 160/100.

Primary hypertension is not common in animals. There is usually a preexisting illness that is causing the hypertension. Kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing’s Disease are the most common causes.

Besides having the clinical signs associated with one of the above illnesses, pets can become acutely blind, have nose bleeds, and become disoriented or ataxic. If the hypertension is severe enough, the retinas of the eyes become detached and the pupils will dilate.

Sometimes treating the primary disease will decrease the blood pressure to more normal ranges. However, some patients will need to be on medication for life to minimize organ damage. Amlodipine and enalapril are two very common medications used in cats and dogs.A diet change should not be necessary, but it is important to avoid salty snacks for these pets.