Colitis

Overview:

Colitis is defined by inflammation of the colon, and causes the colon to be unable to absorb water and store feces. There does not appear to be a genetic link, but Boxers can develop ulcers in their colon that may be hereditary.  

Causes:

Infections including parasites and Salmonella can cause colitis. There are also several types of fungi that can invade the colon. Some patients develop an allergy to their diet. There is also an immune-mediated syndrome that causes the patient’s colon to become very inflamed.  

Symptoms:

Most patients will have large volume of feces that is mucoid or liquid. These pets will need to defecate often, and will strain after defecating. A small number of patients will vomit. Weight loss is very uncommon.

Treatment:

A fecal should be performed to rule out whipworms as the cause. Oral antiparasitics are simple and fast. A diet change to a novel protein that the pet has never been exposed to is important. Metronidazole is very helpful in alleviating signs. If the cause is immune-mediated, oral steroids or similar drugs will be necessary, sometimes for long term. An intestinal biopsy is sometimes indicated if the patient is not responding to medication or has multiple recurrences.