Cataracts

Overview:

The definition of a cataract is an opacity of the lens of the eye. It affects both dogs and cats and can be seen in both young and old animals. Any dog breed may form cataracts, but poodles, cocker spaniels, schnauzers, golden retrievers, and Boston terriers are more susceptible. Persians, Birmans, and Himalayans are also susceptible.

Causes:

There is a genetic link for cataracts, and these patients tend to be young when diagnosed. Diabetes mellitus will cause cataracts to form very quickly in affected animals. Healthy older animals will develop spontaneous cataracts.

Symptoms:

There usually is no signs of vision impairment until more than 50% of the lens is affected. It is also possible to see a cloudiness to the back of the eye. Patients with diabetes will have weight loss, increased drinking, and increased urination.

Treatment:

Surgery to remove the affected lens and replace it is the best treatment, especially in young animals. Prognosis is excellent if the surgery is performed as soon as the patient is diagnosed. If surgery is not an option, steroid drops can help prevent other conditions caused by cataracts (uveitis, glaucoma), but there is no guarantee.