Bronchitis
Overview:
Chronic bronchitis can affect both cats and dogs and is similar to COPD in humans. It is defined by coughing for greater than 2 consecutive months that is not caused by heartworms, heart failure, infections, cancer, or any other identifiable reason. The airways become irritated from an unknown source, thicken, and produce excess mucous. West Highland white terriers, Cocker Spaniels, and Siamese cats are over represented.
Causes:
As noted above, the cause of bronchitis is rarely determined. Several risk factors exist, such as, cigarette smoke, recurrent bacterial infections, obesity, dental disease, and exposure to other inhaled irritants (perfumes, cleaning products).
Symptoms:
A dry cough is the hallmark sign. Some animals will cough hard enough to make them gag, which can look like vomiting. These animals will exhibit exercise intolerance, and fainting has been reported.
Treatment:
Treatment is purely palliative since bronchitis is incurable. Weight loss and exercise restriction is imperative. Use a harness instead of a collar. Treat any dental disease. Steroids, antibiotics, bronchodilators, and cough suppressants are used frequently. Some animals need to be on these medications long-term. Allowing the pet to avoid cigarette smoke and other inhaled irritants is wise.Be aware that some animals will worsen with change of seasons, so expect medication adjustments.
