Blindness

Overview:

Blindness can be gradual or sudden in both dogs and cats. Usually the lens or the retina are damaged or diseased, but there are instances that a cause can not be found.

Causes:

The most common reason for blindness is age. However, just because the pet is older does not mean there is not another underlying reason. Cataracts from diabetes or retinal detachment from hypertension are also possible. There is a condition called SARDS in dogs that will cause them to go blind overnight. Taurine deficiency or chronic Baytril administration in cats can cause blindness. Lead or ivermectin toxicity are also proven to damage either the retina or the optic nerve.  In rare cases, deep fungal infections may be suspected.

Symptoms:

In cases of sudden blindness, the symptoms are obvious: the patient will bump into things and may be frantic. With gradual blindness, the pet will be able to navigate around familiar surroundings without seeming blind. Some pet’s pupils will be dilated or their eyes will have a hazy look to them.

Treatment:

Thankfully, blindness is not painful, and all pets can live a healthy, fulfilling life. A work-up needs to be performed to rule out any infectious or toxic reason for the blindness. In some case, the sight loss can be reversible. SARDS and retinal atrophy are not treatable. Cataracts and some forms of retinal detachment have surgical options. Hypertension and diabetes can be treated.