Allergies
Overview:
Allergies is a very broad term that encompasses many syndromes. When a pet is diagnosed as having allergies, it is usually describing a skin problem.
Causes:
A pet can have an allergy to the environment (atopy), to their diet (food allergy), to fleas (flea allergy), and to anything else that comes into contact with their skin (contact allergy). Pets can also be allergic to dust mites or cat dander. There does appear to be a genetic link in certain breeds, but any animal can develop allergies.
Symptoms:
Pruritus (itchiness) is the primary sign that is typically seen. Pets can develop alopecia (hair loss), redness, and skin infections. The pruritus and skin infections can develop quickly and intensely. Dogs tend to scratch at their body and ears, and lick their feet. Cats tend to groom excessively and develop scabs around their face and neck. It is very common for dogs to have ear infections-in fact, 75% of ear infections are allergy related.
Treatment:
Treatment will depend on the cause. See food allergy and atopy for specific treatment. If your pet has a flea allergy, monthly flea prevention and aggressive environmental treatment is needed. For a contact allergy, it must be determined what is causing the reaction (new bedding, detergent, carpet, shampoo, perfumes) so it can be avoided.
